In today’s world water, an important resource required for sustaining life is becoming scarce, which is resulting in an impure water system and water shortages.
To stop this, not only are water preservation techniques like rainwater harvesting required but also water wastage must be prevented. Humans are a selfish species who give money making the best priority. The solution innovatively quenches the thirst for money and conserves water.
Architecture
The solution is split into three components:
1) Rainwater Harvesting
A user can harvest rainwater using any of the harvesting methods he likes and finds suitable. The harvested water is stored in Smart Tanks. After a specific predefined amount of water is collected, the quality of water is tested against a collection of predefined parameters set by the grid administrator. If the test passes, the water is distributed to the grid. If the test fails, the user may have an installed water cleaning system, including water tank cleaning services, to fulfill the purity parameters and so send it or discard the collected water. Since the water quality is measured before sending it to the grid, the standard of water in the supply system is maintained. Since the user ‘Sells’ the water, he earns money which not only motivates him to put in rainwater harvesting systems reception but also covers the price.
2) Installation to Home and Smart Tanks
The municipality already supplies water at our homes, thus we all have our homes connected to the product grid and have water storage tanks reception. A typical issue user faces is that either he forgets to power on the pump to fill the tank or he forgets to power off the pump after the tank is filled resulting in overflowing and water wastage. The Smart cistern takes care of those problems by automatically powering the pump when the water level falls below a specific level and powering it off when the tank is filled. Before the pump starts, be sure of the water quality by first checking the purity of water and only then fills the tanks
3) Implementation using IoT and Blockchain
Various sensors are utilized in Smart Tank. They’ll include water level measuring sensors made simply using wires together with purity measurement sensors like TDS sensors, turbidity sensors. The number of water purchased (while filling the tanks) and sold (Rainwater harvesting) will account for water bills. Since water is a resource whose quality must be maintained in the slightest degree of time, the information from sensors is distributed onto online serves using Arduino and ESP8266 for monitoring and keeping past records.
This is all implemented on a Blockchain where all the transactions are maintained in order that there’s no forgery in bills and on the info of quality of water supplied. Since we are using Blockchain, micro-transactions are also introduced in order that billing is instantaneous.
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Connecting the modules and Implementation
The system is well scalable and might be implemented on an existing facility grid by nearly just micturition grid smart by adding the water level sensors and every one the sensors you would like to check the purity of water, using Arduino and ESP8266 to send data online. In a demo, water level sensors are made by using wires and checking current flow. For purity measurement, a homemade TDS meter that measures conductivity and applies the required formulas are used.
Manufacturability and Impact
Only the IoT module has to be manufactured which is essentially Arduino connected to varied sensors and ESP8266. this may be cheaply made if better than Arduino uses Atmel ATMega328P directly and style a PCB with proper slots for connecting the sensors which is a simple task.
In Urban areas where water is supplied by the municipality, there is already the infrastructure of a water system. only a few households have rainwater harvesting systems since they will be expensive. By implementing the solution, rainwater harvesting systems are often was investments that now fetch money for the users during the season which can promote everyone to put in one in their household. this may also reduce pressure on groundwater resources and geological formation is going to be maintained.
In countries like India, there are droughts during summer and heavy rainfall during monsoons. Overuse of groundwater reserves thanks to extremely high population causes depletion of formation so millions face water scarcity. Rainwater harvesting is done to forestall it.
Also, often, contaminated water is supplied and nobody takes responsibility as there’s no solid proof available. Since all the information will now be available on a secure blockchain, this issue is resolved.
In many areas around the world, arsenic poisoning, as an example, is common which occurs by drinking arsenic-contaminated water. In such areas, the sensors may include Arsenic sensors and also the tank will fill only the degree are in permissible values. this can make sure that this or the other water-borne disease is kept in restraint.