The Internet as the determining computer network of the digital age is formed by thousands of individual, independent and interconnected networks. A basic set of standardized criteria for communication forms the basis for functionality. Because of the functionality of the internet, it is easy to find the Best toddler strollers of 2020.
Core technological principles
Openness is the most important principle. All the protocols used are documented in a publicly accessible manner and their use is usually free of charge. As standards, they are publicly available and can be used equally for private and commercial purposes.
Redundancy is an essential feature of the internet. There are several possible paths through the Internet between two participants. Important functions such as address management are performed by many different servers.
Package orientation is the central principle of data exchange. Packet switching, in contrast to line switching, enables data to be divided into packets, each of which is clearly assigned a packet number, message number and destination address. This makes it easier to regulate the load distribution in data transmission since the packets can be transmitted independently of one another on the Internet.
Decentralization as an organizational principle stands for the distribution of the entire computer capacities to the individual participants in a network. There are hardly any functions that are performed by central network management. The load distribution on the Internet results from the interaction of many autonomously acting participants.
Expandability as a structural principle enables the relatively simple technological scalability of the Internet when using the TCP/IP protocol family. New networks can easily connect to other networks technologically and are constantly expanding the Internet. The enlargement of the address space as part of the Internet Protocol Version 6 copes with the increase in networked mobile end devices and networked devices, machines and everyday objects in terms of network technology.
The central Internet technology TCP/IP
As a communication layer model, the Internet technology TCP/IP is the central Internet technology and its structure is based on the ISO/OSI layer model. It is a four-layer reference model that divides the necessary tasks for communication in the network into the layers ‘network’, ‘Internet’, ‘transport’ and ‘application’. The hierarchy and modularization of the Internet as a layer model enables tasks to be completed in a self-contained manner for each layer. Fixed interfaces for the interaction between the individual computer networks make the increasing complexity in the management of the different computer architectures in the respective computer networks manageable. The Internet appears to the user often as a “uniform and homogeneous structure”.